Domain privacy is a service offered by a number of domain name registrars. A user buys and/or enables privacy from the company, who in turn replaces the user’s info in the WHOIS with the info of a forwarding service (for email and sometimes postal mail, done by a Proxy server) such as “Domains by Proxy, Inc.” or eNom’s “Whois Privacy Protection Service” in order to shield against spammers, direct marketers, identity thieves, or other attackers to loot the directory for personal information about these people (including e-mail addresses). Some registrars provide this service for a fee, while others offer it free of charge.